AI-driven Threats and National AI Accountability Framework

AI is no longer seen only as a tool for innovation and technological progress. It is now also becoming a major governance and security concern. In simple terms, advanced AI models can scan software and detect weaknesses or vulnerabilities at a very large scale. This can help improve cybersecurity, but it can also be misused by hackers to find targets faster. Another concern is the use of algorithms in areas like welfare schemes, credit approval, and identity verification. If such systems make wrong or biased decisions, a deserving person may be denied ration, pension, loan, subsidy, or ID-related services. The bigger issue is accountability. When an algorithm causes harm, it is often unclear who is responsible: the government, the company, the programmer, or the AI system itself. UPSC Relevance: This issue connects with AI governance, cybersecurity, digital exclusion, data protection, transparency, and ethical use of technology. The key challenge is to promote AI innovation while ensuring proper regulation, fairness, and accountability.